Don haka, a can kuna asibiti, kuna fama da damuwa na gaggawa na likita da aka kawo ku. Likitan kamar ya matse baki amma ya ba da umarnin a yi gwajin hoto da yawa, kamar hoton x-ray ko CT scan.
A madadin, kuna iya samun mammogram da aka tsara don mako mai zuwa kuma yanzu kuna tunawa da X-ray na hakori da kuka yi kwanan nan. Ko, bayan binciken lafiyar yau da kullun, likitan ku na iya ba da shawarar gwajin PET saboda wani sabon abu da ya bayyana.
Idan kun sami kanku a ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan al'amuran, mai yiwuwa kun yi mamakin: Shin zai yiwu a fallasa ku ga radiation mai yawa? Zai iya haifar da ciwon daji? Kuma ya zama dole a tayar da damuwa, musamman ma idan ba ku da ciki?
NAWA NE RADIATION KE HANU?
"Matsayin radiation na iya bambanta sosai dangane da gwajin," in ji Mataimakin Farfesa Lionel Cheng, babban mashawarci kuma shugaban Diagnostic Radiology a Babban Asibitin Singapore.
Adadin radiation da gaske ya dogara da takamaiman gwajin hoto da ake amfani da shi. Misali, adadin radiation daga X-ray na yau da kullun, na'urar duban kashi, ko mammogram yana da ƙasa kaɗan idan aka kwatanta da na CT scan ko PET scan, a cewar Assoc Farfesa Cheng.
Halin X-ray na hakora, ƙirji, ko gaɓoɓin ku ya ƙunshi ƙananan haɗarin radiation-kimanin 1 a cikin 1,000,000, wanda yayi daidai da radiation da za ku ci karo da shi a cikin 'yan kwanaki daga tushen halitta. Ee, dukkanmu ana fallasa mu a kai a kai ga hasken baya na yanayi daga ƙasa, iska, kayan gini, har ma da haskoki na sararin samaniya daga sararin samaniya.
Hatta matakan radiation mafi girma daga CT ko PET scan sun zo da ƙananan haɗarin ciwon daji, tare da kewayon 1 cikin 10,000 zuwa 1 a cikin 1,000. Wannan yana kwatankwacin ƴan shekaru na fallasa ga radiation na halitta. A cewar Parkway Radiology, wasu dalilai, kamar takamaiman wurin da ake siffantawa (kamar hannu kawai tare da jikinka duka) da tsawon lokacin da hoton ya ɗauka, suma suna shafar jimillar fiɗawar radiation.
SHIN AKWAI IYAKA GA ADADIN CANCANCI DA ZAKU IYA SAMU A CIKIN SHEKARA DAYA?
A cewar Assoc Farfesa Cheng, babu wani takamaiman adadin binciken da mutum zai iya yi a cikin shekara guda. "Wasu marasa lafiya da ke da hadaddun yanayi ko gaggawa na iya yin nazari da yawa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, yayin da wasu na iya buƙatar ɗaya ko biyu kawai cikin shekaru."
Maimakon mayar da hankali kan takamaiman lamba, ya jaddada cewa yana da mahimmanci ga marasa lafiya su sanar da likitocin su idan an yi musu gwajin kwanan nan. Assoc Farfesa Cheng ya ce "Idan an yi bincike a asibitin asibiti ko asibitin jama'a, likita na iya samun damar yin amfani da wadannan bayanan ta hanyar tsarin kula da lafiyar jama'a, da hana gwaje-gwajen kwafi da kuma tsara jadawalin binciken lokacin da ake bukata," in ji Assoc Farfesa Cheng.
Koyaya, binciken da aka yi a asibitoci masu zaman kansu ko a ƙasashen waje bazai samuwa a cikin bayanan asibiti na likita. A irin waɗannan lokuta, ya jaddada mahimmancin marasa lafiya suna ba da wannan bayanin. "Wannan yana bawa likita damar yin la'akari da sakamakon hoton da ya gabata lokacin da yake yanke shawarar ƙarin gwaje-gwajen hoton likita," in ji shi.
ME YA SA Likitoci A Wasu Lokaci Suke Bada Umarnin Nau'ikan Gwaje-gwajen Hoto?
Akwai lokuttan lokacin da sikelin guda ɗaya bai samar da isassun bayanai don ingantaccen ganewar asali ba, in ji Betty Matthew, babbar babbar jami'ar rediyo a SATA CommHealth.
"Yin amfani da dabaru daban-daban na hoto tare yana ba da damar ƙarin cikakken kimantawa, tabbatar da ingantaccen bincike, tsare-tsare masu inganci, da kuma sa ido sosai kan yanayin majiyyaci."
Alal misali, X-ray na iya gano raunin kashi daga haɗari, amma ba zai bayyana zubar da jini na ciki ko lalacewar gabobin ba - batutuwan da CT ko MRI scan zai gano. Matta ya ba da ƙarin misalan yanayi inda za a iya buƙatar gwajin hoto da yawa:
Tabbatar da Bincike: A lokuta kamar ciwon huhu na huhu, X-ray na kirji zai iya bayyana yawan jama'a, amma CT ko MRI scan zai ba da ƙarin haske da cikakken bayani. Ga masu fama da bugun jini, CT scan na iya gano zubar jini a cikin kwakwalwa, yayin da MRI scan zai iya tantance girman lalacewar kwakwalwa.
Kula da Ci gaban Cutar: Ana amfani da fasaha na hoto irin su PET, CT, da MRI don bin diddigin ci gaban tumo ko yaduwar cutar kansa. Don yanayi na yau da kullun kamar sclerosis mai yawa, sake dubawa na MRI ya zama dole don saka idanu don sabbin raunuka.
Gano Kamuwa ko Kumburi: Ultrasounds, CT scans, ko PET scans na iya taimakawa wajen gano tushen kamuwa da cuta ko kumburi.
Ta Yaya Ake Kwatanta Daban-daban Scans?
Me yasa za'a iya yin odar CT scan akan X-ray? Shin matakin radiation ya fi girma ga mammogram idan aka kwatanta da X-ray na yau da kullun? Bari mu bincika bambance-bambance tsakanin wasu mafi yawan gwajin hoto na yau da kullun.
1. Kwamfuta Tomography (CT Scan)
Menene Shi:
Ana danganta CT scans da wata babbar injina mai kama da zobe wanda ke fitar da katakon X-ray da yawa. Wadannan katako suna aiki tare don ƙirƙirar hotuna masu girma uku na gabobin ciki, kamar yadda Dr. Lee ya bayyana.
Lokacin Amfani:
CT scans yana ba da cikakkun hotuna dalla-dalla, yana mai da su mahimmanci don ganin kusan dukkanin gabobin ciki. Tare da ci gaba a fasaha, yanzu majiyyata na iya yin gwajin cikakken jiki a cikin ƙasa da daƙiƙa 20, galibi tare da riƙe numfashi ɗaya kawai.
Wanda Bai Dace Ga:
Saboda CT scan yana buƙatar adadin radiation mai yawa, ana guje wa gaba ɗaya a cikin yara, mata masu juna biyu, da matasa masu girma sai dai idan ya zama dole. Bugu da ƙari, mutanen da ke fama da asma, allergies, ko al'amuran koda na iya zama marasa dacewa da wannan nau'in sikanin, kamar yadda ake buƙatar rini mai bambanta, wanda zai iya haifar da amsa. Duk da haka, steroids na iya taimakawa wajen rage haɗari ga waɗannan marasa lafiya, kuma za a iya ba da shawarar wata hanyar yin hoto idan ya cancanta.
2. Magnetic Resonance Hoto (MRI)
Menene Shi:
Ba kamar CT scans, MRIs sun ƙunshi babban, na'urar daukar hotan takardu na cylindrical wanda marasa lafiya ke ciyar da lokaci mai yawa. MRI yana aiki ta hanyar samar da raƙuman ruwa na lantarki wanda ke samar da cikakkun bayanai, hotuna masu girma uku na gabobin ciki, kuma yana alfahari da mafi girman ƙuduri na duk fasahar hoto.
Lokacin Amfani:
Ana amfani da MRI yawanci don takamaiman yanayi kamar kimanta matsawar jijiyoyi a cikin kashin baya, gano ƙananan ciwace-ciwace a cikin gabobin kamar hanta, ko nazarin sifofi masu laushi kamar sashin urinary da bile ducts.
Wanda Bai Dace Ga:
Binciken MRI ba shi da kyau ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da claustrophobia ko kuma ba za su iya zama har yanzu na dogon lokaci ba, kamar yadda tsarin zai iya ɗaukar ko'ina daga minti 15 zuwa minti 30, dangane da yankin da ake dubawa. Bugu da ƙari, marasa lafiya da ke da ƙarfe (misali, stent zuciya, shirye-shiryen bidiyo, ko abubuwa na waje na ƙarfe) ƙila ba su dace da MRI ba saboda ƙarfin maganadisu da aka yi amfani da su yayin aikin.
Amfani:
MRI ba ya haɗa da radiation, yana sanya shi zaɓi mafi kyau ga matasa marasa lafiya da masu ciki. Sabbin ma'aikatan bambancin MRI suna da lafiya sosai, har ma ga mutanen da ke da matsalolin koda.
3. X-ray
Menene Shi:
Hasken X-ray yana amfani da hasken lantarki mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi don ƙirƙirar cikakkun hotuna na sigar ciki na jiki. Duk da haɗakar da ionizing radiation, ana sarrafa fallasa zuwa hasken X-ray a hankali don rage haɗari.
Lokacin Amfani:
Ana amfani da haskoki na X-ray don tantance karaya, raunin haɗin gwiwa, cututtukan huhu kamar ciwon huhu, da wasu yanayin ciki.
Wanda Bai Dace Ga:
Yayin da haskoki na X-ray gabaɗaya ba su da lafiya ga kowane zamani, ana shawartar mata masu juna biyu da kar a yi su saboda radiation na iya shafar ci gaban tayin. Koyaya, ana yin odar X-ray ne kawai lokacin da yuwuwar fa'idodin hoton ya fi haɗari.
A taƙaice, kowace dabarar hoto tana da nata fasali na musamman, fa'idodi, da iyakancewa. Fahimtar nau'ikan sikanin daban-daban da haɗarin su na iya taimaka wa marasa lafiya yin yanke shawara da kuma tabbatar da cewa sun sami kulawa mafi dacewa.
4. Ultrasound
Bayani:
Ultrasound yana hade da saka idanu akan jarirai lokacin daukar ciki, kuma saboda kyakkyawan dalili. Kamar yadda Matthew ya yi bayani, "Tsarin hoto ne mai aminci, mara cin zarafi wanda ba ya haɗa da radiation."
Maimakon yin amfani da radiation, duban dan tayi ya dogara da raƙuman sauti masu girma don samar da ainihin hotuna na gabobin jiki na ciki da tasoshin jini. Don ɗaukar waɗannan hotuna, ana amfani da gel a kan fata, kuma ana motsa ƙaramin na'ura a kan wurin da ake sha'awa, kamar ciki ko baya.
Lokacin Amfani:
Ana amfani da duban dan tayi akai-akai a likitan mata da mata don bin diddigin ci gaban tayin. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don tantance yanayin yanayin likita iri-iri. "Ya yi fice wajen kimanta nama mai laushi, lura da ciki, tantance gabobin ciki, gano gallstones, da kuma nazarin kwararar jini a cikin tasoshin jini," in ji Matta. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da duban dan tayi don hanyoyin shiryarwa kamar biopsies.
Wanene Ya Kamata Ya Guje masa:
Duk da haka, duban dan tayi yana da iyaka. Ba zai iya shiga kashi ba, don haka ba zai iya hango wasu wurare ba. Har ila yau yana fama da iska, ma'ana ba shi da tasiri wajen bincikar gabobi kamar ciki ko hanji. Nassoshi masu zurfi, irin su pancreas ko aorta, na iya zama da wahala a tantance, musamman a cikin marasa lafiya masu kiba saboda raunin raƙuman sauti yayin da suke tafiya ta cikin nama.
5. Mammogram
Bayani:
Mammogram na musamman X-ray na ƙirjin da aka ƙera don gano abubuwan da ba su da kyau, sau da yawa kafin bayyanar cututtuka ta bayyana. "Yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen inganta sakamakon jiyya ta hanyar gano batutuwa da wuri," in ji Matthew.
Ainihin sikanin yana da sauri, yawanci yana ɗaukar ɗan daƙiƙa kaɗan. Koyaya, sanya nono don ingantacciyar hoto na iya ɗaukar ƙarin mintuna 5 zuwa 10, dangane da adadin hotuna da ake buƙata. "Kamar yadda ake buƙatar matsawa don samun cikakkun hotuna, marasa lafiya na iya samun wasu rashin jin daɗi," in ji Dokta Lee.
Lokacin Amfani:
Ba a yi amfani da mammogram ɗin kawai don dubawa na yau da kullun ba amma ana amfani da su don bincika alamun kamar kullu ko ciwon nono don gano duk wata matsala mai yuwuwa.
Wanene Ya Kamata Ya Guje masa:
Saboda radiation da ke ciki, yawanci ba a ba da shawarar mammogram ga mata masu ƙanƙanta ba har sai sun kai shekarun da aka ba da shawarar don aunawa akai-akai, kamar yadda Dr. Lee ya bayyana.
6. Na'urar Dinsity Scan
Bayani:
Hoton girman kashi, kamar yadda Dr. Lee ya bayyana, “takamammen X-ray ne da ake amfani da shi don tantance ƙarfin kashi.” Yawanci yana mai da hankali kan kwatangwalo ko wuyan hannu, kuma aikin dubawa yana ɗaukar mintuna kaɗan kawai.
Lokacin Amfani:
Ana yawan yin wannan gwajin akan tsofaffi marasa lafiya da ke cikin haɗarin osteoporosis. Duk da haka, yana iya zama dole ga ƙananan marasa lafiya akan magungunan da ke shafar yawan kashi, in ji Dr. Lee.
Wanene Ya Kamata Ya Guje masa:
Ya kamata mata masu ciki su guji wannan hoton saboda radiation da ke tattare da su. Bugu da ƙari, mutanen da ke da manyan tiyata na baya-bayan nan ko kuma mummunan cututtuka na kashin baya, kamar scoliosis, bazai zama 'yan takara masu dacewa ba, saboda sakamakon zai iya zama kuskure.
7. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan
Bayani:
Scan PET wata fasaha ce ta ci gaba wacce ke ba da cikakken sikanin jiki. “Ya ƙunshi allurar rini na musamman na rediyoaktif, kuma yayin da gaɓoɓi daban-daban ke tsotse rini, na’urar daukar hoto ta gano ta,” in ji Dokta Lee.
Tsarin yana ɗaukar kimanin sa'o'i biyu zuwa uku saboda rini na buƙatar lokaci don shiga cikin gabobin kafin a gudanar da binciken.
Lokacin Amfani:
Ana amfani da sikanin PET da farko don gano kansa da kuma tantance yaduwarsa. Koyaya, suna iya taimakawa gano tushen kamuwa da cuta.
Wanene Ya Kamata Ya Guje masa:
Saboda radiation da ke ciki, ba a ba da shawarar gwajin PET ga yara ko masu juna biyu ba, Dr. Lee ya ba da shawara.
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Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-23-2025
