Hoto na rediyo yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka bayanan asibiti da tallafawa masu ilimin urologist don kafa kulawar haƙuri mai dacewa. Daga cikin nau'o'in hoto daban-daban, ƙididdigar ƙididdiga (CT) a halin yanzu ana la'akari da matsayin ma'auni don kimanta cututtuka na urological saboda yawancin samuwa, lokacin bincike mai sauri, da kuma cikakken kimantawa. Musamman CT urography.
TARIHI
A baya, urography na ciki (IVU), wanda ake kira "urography excretory" da / ko "pyelography na ciki," an yi amfani da shi da farko don kimanta tsarin urinary. Dabarar ta ƙunshi faifan rediyo a sarari na farko sannan kuma allurar ta hanyar jijiya na wakilin bambancin ruwa mai narkewa (nauyin jiki 1.5 ml/kg). Bayan haka, ana samun jerin hotuna a takamaiman lokaci. Babban iyakoki na wannan fasaha sun haɗa da kima mai girma biyu da rashin kima na jikin jikin da ke kusa.
Bayan gabatarwar ilimin lissafi, an yi amfani da IVU sosai.
Duk da haka, a cikin 1990s kawai, tare da ƙaddamar da fasahar helical, lokutan bincike sun yi sauri sosai ta yadda za a iya nazarin manyan sassan jiki, kamar ciki, a cikin dakika. Tare da zuwan fasahar ganowa da yawa a cikin 2000s, an haɓaka ƙudurin sararin samaniya, yana ba da damar gano urothelium na mafitsara da mafitsara, kuma an kafa CT-Urography (CTU).
A yau, ana amfani da CTU sosai a cikin kimanta cututtukan urological.
Tun farkon zamanin CT, an san cewa faifan X-ray na kuzari daban-daban na iya bambanta kayan lambobi daban-daban. Sai a shekara ta 2006 ne aka samu nasarar yin amfani da wannan ka'ida wajen nazarin nama na ɗan adam, wanda a ƙarshe ya kai ga ƙaddamar da tsarin farko na makamashi biyu na CT (DECT) a cikin aikin asibiti na yau da kullum. Nan da nan DECT ta nuna dacewarta don kimanta yanayin cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na urinary fili, kama daga rushewar kayan abu a cikin ƙididdiga na fitsari zuwa ɗaukar iodine a cikin cututtukan urological.
amfani
Ka'idojin CT na al'ada yawanci sun haɗa da precontrast da hotuna na baya-bayan nan da yawa. Na'urorin daukar hoto na CT na zamani suna ba da saitin bayanai masu ƙarfi waɗanda za'a iya sake gina su a cikin jirage da yawa kuma tare da kauri mai sassauƙa, don haka suna riƙe kyakkyawan ingancin hoto. CT urography (CTU) kuma yana dogara ne akan ka'idar polyphasic, yana mai da hankali kan lokacin "haɓakarwa" bayan da wakilin bambancin ya tace a cikin tsarin tattarawa da mafitsara, da gaske ƙirƙirar urogram na IV tare da ingantaccen bambancin nama.
IYAKA
Ko da ingantattun ƙididdiga na ƙididdiga shine ma'auni na nunin farkon hoton urinary, ya kamata a magance iyakoki na asali. Radiation bayyanar da bambanci nephrotoxicity ana daukar manyan drawbacks. Rage kashi na radiation yana da mahimmanci, musamman ga ƙananan marasa lafiya.
Na farko, madadin hanyoyin hoto kamar duban dan tayi da MRI dole ne a yi la'akari da su koyaushe. Idan waɗannan fasahohin ba za su iya ba da bayanan da ake buƙata ba, dole ne a ɗauki mataki bisa ga ka'idar CT.
Jarabawar CT mai ban sha'awa an hana shi a cikin marasa lafiya masu rashin lafiyar masu aikin rediyo da marasa lafiya tare da rashin aikin koda. Don rage bambanci-induced nephropathy, marasa lafiya da glomerular tace kudi (GFR) kasa da 30 ml/min kada a ba da bambanci kafofin watsa labarai ba tare da auna auna kasada da fa'idodi, kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da taka tsantsan a marasa lafiya tare da GFR a cikin kewayon. 30 zuwa 60 ml / min a cikin marasa lafiya.
GABA
A cikin sabon zamanin madaidaicin magani, ikon iya ba da bayanai masu ƙididdigewa daga hotunan rediyo shine ƙalubale na yanzu da na gaba. Wannan tsari, wanda aka fi sani da radiomics, Lambin ne ya fara ƙirƙira shi a cikin 2012 kuma ya dogara ne akan ra'ayi cewa hotunan asibiti sun ƙunshi siffofi masu ƙima waɗanda zasu iya yin nuni da tushen ilimin pathophysiology na nama. Yin amfani da waɗannan ƙididdiga na iya inganta yanke shawara na likita da samun sarari musamman a cikin ilimin oncology, ba da izini, alal misali, kima na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ciwon daji da kuma tasiri zaɓuɓɓukan magani. A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, an gudanar da bincike da yawa akan aikace-aikacen wannan hanya, har ma a cikin kimantawa na urothelial carcinoma, amma wannan ya kasance haƙƙin bincike.
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Lokacin aikawa: Maris-20-2024
