Yadda ake bambance tsakanin X-ray, CT da MRI?

Manufar wannan labarin ita ce tattauna nau'ikan hanyoyin daukar hoton likita guda uku waɗanda galibi jama'a ke rikitar da su, wato X-ray, CT, da MRI.

Ƙarancin adadin radiation - X-ray

Ta yaya aka sami sunan X-ray ɗin?

Wannan ya mayar da mu baya shekaru 127 zuwa Nuwamba. Masanin kimiyyar lissafi na Jamus Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen ya gano wani abu da ba a sani ba a dakin gwaje-gwajensa mai tawali'u, sannan ya shafe makonni a dakin gwaje-gwaje, ya shawo kan matarsa ​​ta yi aiki a matsayin wanda za a gwada, sannan ya rubuta X-ray na farko a tarihin ɗan adam, saboda hasken yana cike da sirrin da ba a sani ba, Roentgen ya sanya masa suna X-ray. Wannan babban binciken ya kafa harsashin gano hoton likita da magani nan gaba. An ayyana ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, 1895, a matsayin Ranar Radiology ta Duniya don tunawa da wannan binciken da ya yi fice.

X-ray wani haske ne da ba a iya gani ba wanda ke da ɗan gajeren tsawon rai wanda shine hasken lantarki tsakanin hasken ultraviolet da hasken gamma. A lokaci guda, ikon shigarsa yana da ƙarfi sosai, saboda bambancin yawa da kauri na tsarin nama daban-daban na jikin ɗan adam, X-ray yana sha zuwa matakai daban-daban lokacin da ya ratsa jikin ɗan adam, kuma X-ray mai bayanai daban-daban bayan ya ratsa jikin ɗan adam yana ratsawa ta cikin jerin fasahohin ci gaba, kuma a ƙarshe yana samar da hotunan baƙi da fari.

Sau da yawa ana haɗa X-ray da CT, kuma suna da kamanceceniya da bambance-bambance. Dukansu biyun suna da kamanceceniya a cikin ka'idar daukar hoto, waɗanda duka suna amfani da shigar X-ray don ƙirƙirar hotuna baƙi da fari tare da rage ƙarfin radiation daban-daban ta jikin ɗan adam tare da yawan nama da kauri daban-daban. Amma akwai kuma bambance-bambance bayyanannu:

Da farko, bambancinƙaryaa cikin bayyanar da aikin kayan aikin. X-ray ya fi kama da zuwa ɗakin daukar hoto don a ɗauki hoto. Da farko, ana taimaka wa majiyyaci wajen sanya wurin da aka yi gwajin daidai gwargwado, sannan a yi amfani da kwan fitilar X-ray (babban kyamara) don ɗaukar hoton a cikin daƙiƙa ɗaya. Kayan aikin CT suna kama da babban "donut" a cikin bayyanar, kuma mai aikin yana buƙatar taimaka wa majiyyaci a kan gadon gwaji, shiga ɗakin tiyata, da kuma yin gwajin CT ga majiyyaci.

Na biyu, bambancinƙaryaa cikin hanyoyin daukar hoto. Hoton X-ray hoto ne mai girma biyu, kuma ana iya samun bayanan hoton wani yanayi a hoto ɗaya, wanda yake gefe ɗaya. Yana kama da lura da guntun burodin da ba a yanke ba gaba ɗaya, kuma tsarin ciki ba za a iya nuna shi a sarari ba. Hoton CT ya ƙunshi jerin hotunan hoto, wanda yayi daidai da rarraba layin tsarin nama ta hanyar layi, a sarari kuma ɗaya bayan ɗaya don nuna ƙarin cikakkun bayanai da tsari a cikin jikin ɗan adam, kuma ƙudurin ya fi fim ɗin X-ray kyau.

Na uku, a halin yanzu, an yi amfani da hoton X-ray cikin aminci da girma wajen gano cututtukan ƙashi na yara, iyaye ba sa damuwa da tasirin radiation, yawan hasken X-ray yana da ƙanƙanta. Akwai kuma marasa lafiya da ke zuwa asibiti don maganin ƙashi saboda rauni, likita zai haɗa fa'idodi da rashin amfani na X-ray da CT, yawanci zaɓi na farko don gwajin X-ray, kuma lokacin da X-ray ba zai iya zama bayyanannun raunuka ko raunukan da ake zargi ba kuma ba za a iya gano su ba, za a ba da shawarar gwajin CT a matsayin taimako mai ƙarfi.

Kada ka rikita MRI da X-ray da CT

MRIYana kama da CT a kamanninsa, amma zurfin buɗewarsa da ƙananan ramukansa za su kawo jin matsin lamba ga jikin ɗan adam, wanda shine ɗayan dalilan da yasa mutane da yawa za su ji tsoronsa.

Ka'idarsa ta bambanta gaba ɗaya da ta X-ray da CT.

Mun san cewa jikin ɗan adam yana da ƙwayoyin halitta, abubuwan da ke cikin ruwa a jikin ɗan adam shine mafi yawa, ruwa yana ɗauke da sinadarin hydrogen protons, lokacin da jikin ɗan adam yake a filin maganadisu, za a sami wani ɓangare na sinadarin hydrogen protons da kuma siginar bugun jini na filin maganadisu na waje "resonance", mai karɓar mitar da "resonance" ke samarwa za ta karɓi shi, kuma a ƙarshe kwamfuta tana sarrafa siginar amsawa mai rauni, tana samar da hoton hoto mai kama da baƙi da fari.

Ka sani, ƙarfin maganadisu na nukiliya ba shi da lalacewar radiation, babu radiation na ionizing, ya zama hanyar ɗaukar hoto ta gama gari. Ga kyallen jiki masu laushi kamar tsarin jijiyoyi, gidajen abinci, tsokoki da kitse, an fi son MRI.

Duk da haka, yana da ƙarin abubuwan da ba su dace ba, kuma wasu fannoni ba su da kyau fiye da CT, kamar lura da ƙananan ƙwayoyin huhu, karyewar fata, da sauransu. CT ya fi daidai. Saboda haka, ko za a zaɓi X-ray, CT ko MRI, likita yana buƙatar zaɓar alamun.

Bugu da ƙari, za mu iya ɗaukar kayan aikin MRI a matsayin babban maganadisu, kayan lantarki da ke kusa da shi za su lalace, kayan ƙarfe da ke kusa da shi za su shaƙe nan take, wanda zai haifar da "tasirin makami mai linzami", mai haɗari sosai.

Saboda haka, amincin gwajin MRI ya kasance matsala ta yau da kullun ga likitoci. Lokacin da ake shirin gwajin MRI, ya zama dole a gaya wa likita tarihin gaskiya da cikakken bayani, a bi umarnin ƙwararru, sannan a tabbatar da gwajin lafiya.

Za a iya ganin cewa waɗannan nau'ikan hanyoyin daukar hoton X-ray guda uku, CT da MRI suna taimakawa juna kuma suna yi wa marasa lafiya hidima.

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Kamar yadda muka sani, ci gaban masana'antar daukar hoton likitanci ba zai iya rabuwa da ci gaban jerin kayan aikin likitanci ba - masu allurar maganin bambanci da kuma abubuwan da ke tallafawa - wadanda ake amfani da su sosai a wannan fanni. A kasar Sin, wacce ta shahara da masana'antar kera ta, akwai masana'antu da yawa da suka shahara a gida da waje wajen samar da kayan aikin daukar hoton likita, ciki har daLnkMedTun lokacin da aka kafa LnkMed, ta mayar da hankali kan fannin allurar maganin contrast agent mai matsin lamba mai yawa. Ƙungiyar injiniya ta LnkMed tana ƙarƙashin jagorancin digirin digirgir (Ph.D.) mai ƙwarewa sama da shekaru goma kuma tana da himma sosai wajen bincike da haɓaka. A ƙarƙashin jagorancinsa,CT mai allurar kai ɗaya,CT mai allurar kai biyu,Injin allurar wakili mai bambanci na MRI, kumaMaganin allurar maganin bambanci mai matsin lamba mai ƙarfi na AngiographyAn tsara su da waɗannan fasaloli: jiki mai ƙarfi da ƙanƙanta, hanyar aiki mai sauƙi da wayo, cikakkun ayyuka, aminci mai yawa, da ƙira mai ɗorewa. Haka nan za mu iya samar da sirinji da bututu waɗanda suka dace da waɗannan shahararrun samfuran allurar CT, MRI, da DSA. Tare da halayensu na gaskiya da ƙarfin ƙwararru, duk ma'aikatan LnkMed suna gayyatarku da gaske ku zo ku bincika ƙarin kasuwanni tare.