Kamar masu tsara birane a hankali suna tsara zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a cikin manyan biranen, sel suna sarrafa motsin kwayoyin da ke kan iyakokinsu na nukiliya. Yin aiki a matsayin masu gadin ƙofofi na ƙananan ƙofofi, rukunin pore na nukiliya (NPCs) waɗanda aka saka a cikin membrane na nukiliya suna riƙe daidaitaccen iko akan wannan kasuwancin ƙwayoyin cuta. Aiki na ƙasa daga Texas A&M Health yana bayyana ƙaƙƙarfan zaɓi na wannan tsarin, mai yuwuwar bayar da sabbin ra'ayoyi kan cututtukan neurodegenerative da ci gaban kansa.
Bibiyar Hanyar Juyin Halitta
Tawagar binciken Dokta Siegfried Musser a Texas A&M College of Medicine ta fara gudanar da bincike kan saurin tafiyar da kwayoyin halitta marasa haduwa ta hanyar shingen membrane na tsakiya. Bugawar alamarsu ta yanayi tana ba da cikakken bayani kan binciken juyin juya hali da fasahar MINFLUX ta yi - wata ci gaba ta hanyar hoto mai iya ɗaukar motsin kwayoyin halitta na 3D wanda ke faruwa a cikin millise seconds a ma'auni kusan sau 100,000 mafi kyau fiye da faɗin gashin ɗan adam. Sabanin hasashen da aka yi a baya game da hanyoyin keɓewa, bincikensu ya nuna cewa hanyoyin shigo da makaman nukiliya suna raba hanyoyin da suka mamaye tsarin NPC.
Abin Mamaki Gano Kalubalantar Samfuran da suke
Abubuwan lura da ƙungiyar sun bayyana tsarin zirga-zirgar da ba zato ba tsammani: kwayoyin halitta suna kewayawa ta hanyoyi guda biyu, suna kewaya juna maimakon bin hanyoyin sadaukarwa. Abin sha'awa shine, waɗannan barbashi suna maida hankali kusa da bangon tashar, suna barin yankin tsakiya babu kowa, yayin da ci gabansu ke raguwa sosai - kusan sau 1,000 a hankali fiye da motsi maras cikawa - saboda hanyoyin sadarwa na gina jiki masu hana su haifar da yanayin syrupy.
Musser ya bayyana wannan a matsayin "mafi ƙalubalanci yanayin zirga-zirgar da za a iya tsammani - ta hanyar kunkuntar wurare." Ya yarda, "Abubuwan da muka gano sun ba da haɗin yuwuwar da ba a zata ba, suna bayyana ƙarin rikitarwa fiye da ainihin hasashenmu da aka ba da shawara."
Nagarta Duk da Matsaloli
Abin ban sha'awa, tsarin sufuri na NPC yana nuna ingantaccen aiki duk da waɗannan matsalolin. Musser yayi hasashe, "Yawancin dabi'ar NPCs na iya hana aiki da karfin aiki, da rage tsangwama ga gasa da kuma toshe kasada." Wannan fasalin ƙira na asali yana bayyana don hana gridlock na kwayoyin halitta, Anan'sa sake rubutawa tare da bambance-bambancen rubutu, tsari, da karya sakin layi yayin kiyaye ma'anar asali:
Molecular Traffic yana ɗaukar Hankali: NPCs sun Bayyana Hanyoyi na Boye
Maimakon tafiya kai tsaye ta hanyar NPC's tsakiyar axis, kwayoyin suna bayyana suna kewayawa ta ɗaya daga cikin tashoshi na musamman na sufuri guda takwas, kowannensu an keɓe shi zuwa tsari mai kama da magana tare da pore.'zobe na waje. Wannan tsari na sararin samaniya yana nuna tsarin tsarin gine-ginen da ke taimakawa wajen daidaita kwararar kwayoyin halitta.
Musser ya yi bayani,"Yayin da aka san pores na yisti na dauke da a'tsakiyar toshe,'ainihin abun da ke ciki ya kasance asiri. A cikin sel ɗan adam, wannan fasalin yana da't an lura, amma sashin aikin yana da kyau-da pore's cibiyar zata iya zama babbar hanyar fitarwa ta mRNA.”
Haɗin Cututtuka da Kalubalen Magunguna
Rashin aiki a cikin NPC-Ƙofar salula mai mahimmanci-An ɗaure shi da cututtuka masu tsanani, ciki har da ALS (Lou Gehrig's cuta), Alzheimer's, da Huntington's cuta. Bugu da ƙari, haɓaka ayyukan fataucin NPC yana da alaƙa da ci gaban kansa. Ko da yake niyya takamaiman yankuna na pore na iya taimakawa a fayyace toshe shinge ko jinkirin jigilar kayayyaki, Musser ya yi kashedin cewa lalata aikin NPC yana da haɗari, saboda muhimmiyar rawar da take takawa a rayuwar tantanin halitta.
"Dole ne mu bambanta tsakanin lahani masu alaƙa da sufuri da batutuwan da ke da alaƙa da NPC'taro ko rarrabawa,”ya lura."Yayinda yawancin haɗin gwiwar cututtuka zasu iya shiga cikin rukuni na ƙarshe, akwai keɓancewa-kamar c9orf72 kwayoyin maye gurbi a cikin ALS, wanda ke haifar da tarin abubuwan da ke toshe rami a jiki.”
Hanyoyi na gaba: Taswirorin Taswirar Kayayyaki da Hoto Live-Cell
Musser kuma mai haɗin gwiwa Dr. Abhishek Sau, daga Texas A&M's Lab ɗin haɗin gwiwar microscope, shirya don bincika ko nau'ikan kaya iri-iri-irin su ribosomal subunits da mRNA-bi hanyoyi na musamman ko haɗa kan hanyoyin da aka raba. Ayyukan da suke gudana tare da abokan haɗin gwiwar Jamus (EMBL da Abberior Instruments) na iya daidaita MINFLUX don yin hoto na ainihi a cikin sel masu rai, suna ba da ra'ayoyin da ba a taɓa gani ba game da yanayin jigilar nukiliya.
Taimakawa ta hanyar tallafin NIH, wannan binciken ya sake fasalin fahimtarmu game da dabaru na salon salula, yana nuna yadda NPCs ke kula da oda a cikin babban birni mai cike da ƙayatarwa na tsakiya.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 25-2025
